Individual Behavior and Communication Essay

The Walt Disney Company was established in 1923, by Walt Elias Disney and his brother Roy. The two brothers founded the organization on big dreams and determination. Their primary goal was to make people happy and provide quality entertainment. The Disney organization has been around for over 85 years. The core ideology of the Disney Company promotes a source of guidance and inspiration. The core values and mission of the company is what the employees base their foundation on. Attitude and behavior is attributed to the core values of the organization. The values that Disney represents are maintaining strong innovation, maintaining high quality services, and striving to achieve quality products. The underlying principles innovation, quality, community, and storytelling are what the Disney organization symbolizes. Walt Disney worked very hard to provide the community with an outstanding organization. Anyone who is affiliated with or working for the Disney organization is expected to maintain and be held accountable for the same high standards that Walt Disney founded his organization on. Disney provides quality entertainment for everyone. In order for visitors of the park to receive a memorable experience employees must undergo a vast amount of training. The Disney Company has created a culture in which their employees are valued as individuals and as part of a team. Disney believes you can have happy guests only if you have happy employees. (http://voices. yahoo. com/the-magic-disneys-organizational-behavior-concepts-550698. html). This is one example of organizational culture. Communication within an organization is the key to making any company successful. Disney believes that if the work environment is comfortable mployees will feel free to share their thoughts and ideas, and speak their mind. This is turn can lead to generating creative ideas. Employee participation ensures that everyone is working toward achieving the same goal of providing quality service and a memorable experience to park visitors. It is plain to see that Disney demonstrates diversity and empowerment.

Prejudice, Stereotyping and Discrimination on the Web Essay

People think that racism and discrimination doesn’t exist anymore, but surprisingly they do; both existed throughout human history. Discrimination may be defined as a negative, harmful behaviour toward people based on their group membership. Whereas prejudice which is an opinion rather than a fact; is a negative attitude toward members of a group, that is often very strongly held. Stereotypes are individuals’ beliefs that members of a group share particular attributes; someone might think that Arabs are terrorists, or doctors are intelligent and compassionate. Unlike prejudice and discrimination-terms that refer to negative attitudes or actions- stereotypes can be either positive or negative. The Palestinian-Israeli conflict will never end, and each individual has a different opinion about it. Ahmed Ramie is a Moroccan-Swedish writer and Holocaust denier, also the founder of the radio station Radio Islam which now operates as a website. Radio Islam is a website owned by a group of freedom fighters from different countries in support of Ahmed Ramie’s global struggle. Radio Islam is a website that is trying to promote better relations between the â€Å"West† and the Arab and Muslim World; it’s against racism of all kids and forms also against all kinds of discrimination of people based on their color of skin and faith. Meta-Stereotypes are a person’s belief about the stereotype that out-group members hold concerning his or her own group; for example Arabs would believe that Jews hold a negative stereotype of their group (terrorists). Meta-stereotype differs depending on each group; Arabs may hold negative stereotypes against Jews (Occupants). Each group may hold different opinions; Palestinians may consider that their victims of the chosen people (the Jews). Each group believes that they hold the right opinions about others and some of them would never change their opinion. Another hate site that depicts hate towards Jews is Kinsman Redeemer Ministrie, Pastor Mark Downe is strongly honest with his opinion towards Jews, and his title is why we hate Jews. Scapegoat theory is a theory proposing that prejudice occurs because members of dominant groups use discrimination against members of weak target groups to vent their frustration and disappointment. People become frustrated during difficult economic time and tend to take out their frustration on weak targets, for example Jews in Nazi Germany in the late 1930s when Hitler roused anger against Jews by claiming they had too much economic power and blaming them for the impact of the worldwide depression on Germany. Jews were an outcast that many Germans disliked, but when Hitler started his campaign of propaganda, some Germans followed his league. But there’s a difference between these two sites; Radio Islam is against Zionism not Judaism, where Kinsman Redeemer Ministries talks specifically about Jews and lists different reasons why people should hate them. One man started this propaganda and changed the whole world, now Hitler is gone but people still carry on with his campaign and spread the hate and racism among others. People should be more considerate about other peoples’ opinions and beliefs and not hurt them by hate websites or picking on them. Each person in this world is a unique individual who shouldn’t be judged based on his/her religion, color, sexuality or ethnicity. Prejudice against overweight women is common now a day, people who are overweight are the targets of widespread prejudice and discrimination, and they may find difficulties finding a job or travelling. Some groups hold hate towards other overweight people, they believe that the fat gene is not an excuse and obesity should not be common among us. If an obese saw a hate website about overweight groups they would feel ashamed and upset that they would eat more rather than fixing their problem. â€Å"Old-Fashioned† Prejudice is one of the forms of prejudice; the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) is name of three distinct past and present right-wing organizations in the United States. After the American Civil War the KKK was created on December 24, 1865, this group represents the White Christian civilization they believe in many concepts and rights that should be essential to civilized and moral society. Some people might find them as ignorant and racist but they are certainly convinced about their beliefs and actions towards illegal immigrants and black people. On one of the hate websites KKK they mention white all the time that others might be offended and bothered, their mission is to live in a country with white people only. Again Frustration caused this group it started after the War before that people didn’t mind black people. Martin Luther King has become a human rights icon and he represented all African Americans; he fought for their rights since the 50’s. Throughout the history till the present African Americans still might feel discriminated and an outcast. Stereotypes is a huge effect on people and how they feel about others, a kid might not think of a Black man in the middle of the night as a killer or a thief but as this kid grows older and starts watching television and surfing the internet this persons’ thoughts will change and develop hate towards Black people and somehow fear. In all I would like to wrap up this assignment with saying that I’m totally against judging a book from its cover, some people might hate all Jews because some of them occupied Palestine or some Jews would hate all Germans because some of them slaughtered them. But I think that’s not only racist but it’s ignorant, all people should be treated the same and those hate websites can convince teenagers to turn into a hater and I’m surprised how they exist from the first place. Websites I visited: -http://radioislam. org/islam/english/index_zion1. htm -http://www. kinsmanredeemer. com/WhyWeHateJews. htm -http://ihatefatpeople. wordpress. com/ -http://www. kkk. bz/.

Finance Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Finance - Coursework Example The only difference however is that we do our business online. This is an advantage to the business as an online presence gives it an increased global presence at the same time helping it minimize operation costs to zero since there are no fixed costs to be paid out such as rent and other utilities. The main reason why I chose this line of business was due to the fact that after intense market research, I found out that there is always a demand for alcoholic beverage all year round. Alcoholics will always drink alcohol whether they have enough income or not. Although lack of income may mean reduced alcohol intake, it does not mean they will completely not drink. It with this conclusion that I decided to start this business as there was going to be steady cash inflows for the business throughout the year. Also, alcoholic drinks being fast moving consumer goods, there will always be a high demand for the products and extensive distribution networks and it is due to this reason that I c hose to be a cybermediary as there will always be a demand for the goods and to gain access to a large company. b) Analysis of break even. Break-even point is the level of sales at which profit is zero According to Atrill and McLaney (2011) at break-even point; sales are equal to fixed cost plus variable cost. In analyzing the break even, one normally needs the three pieces of information: Fixed costs, variable costs and average price per unit. Fixed costs are those minimum operating costs in a business that do not change no matter how many units one sells. They include rent, utilities, bank charges among others. Since Cape e- distributors is an online platform, it does not have any fixed costs as per now. Variable costs per unit-These are those costs that vary and depend on sales volumes. Average price per unit; Since you're able to choose exactly where to set your prices. Start by looking at your competition, and how they price their products. Break Even Analysis Formula therefore is: BEQ = Fixed costs / (Average price per unit – average cost per unit) Fixed cost =0 Average price per unit in year 1 is 55 Average cost per unit in year 1 is 11 Substituting into the formula = 0/(55-11) Therefore the break even quantity is zero. All the other break-even quantities for the subsequent years will be zero because there are no fixed costs for our firm. This is due to the fact that it is an online firm hence no operating costs are incurred. c) Analysis of business performance using financial ratios Profitability Ratios They use margin analysis to give an indication of whether a firm is generating enough returns on capital employed. For Cape distributors the gross profit margin is 91%, the net profit margin is 91% while the return on capital employed is 103%.With such high profitability ratios, it means that the firm has really minimized on its costs and the sales are increasing steadily.A high profitability ratio means that the firm is really good at cost contr olling Pandey (2008). Liquidity Ratios These are the ratios that show whether a firm is able to meet its short term obligations as and when they occur. I n other words they measure solvency of the firm. For our business, the liquidity ratios calculated are current ratio which is regarded as a test of liquidity for a company. It expresses the 'working capital' relationship of current assets available to meet the company's current obligations. The other liquidity ratio is the creditor

Practical report on DNA Extraction Biological Science Assignment

Practical report on DNA Extraction Biological Science - Assignment Example This proved to be a successful method to extract DNA from a Kiwi fruit in a quantity that permit visualization without a high-power microscope. INTRODUCTION DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the basic structure of all living organisms (plants, animals, humans, microbes) and is present in the cells, especially in the cell nucleus. They are made from simple units known as ‘nucleotides’. Genes, which carry all information (structure, behavior, functions) of a cell or an organism, are made from long strands of DNA and this DNA is copied and inherited through generations from parent to the offspring. Hence, DNA is used in producing genetically modified plants and animals, in identifying variations/similarities of plant types, in medical research and in forensic medicine and in manufacturing pharmaceuticals (Jie, 2011). Isolated DNA from a tissue of a plant, animal, microbe or a human is therefore very useful since it provide much information about the individual, its characters and genetic background. There are many protocols of DNA extraction from an organism. Advanced techniques are needed to isolate DNA in a more pure form and require sophisticated equipment and specific chemicals. However, all these methods are based on three basic steps; i.e. separation and opening of cells chemically or mechanically to release DNA, purify DNA by removing proteins and other cell debris and finally, precipitation of DNA using an alcohol (Hoyle, 2011). If these basic steps are practiced, it should be possible to isolate DNA by following simple means and hence the objective of this study was to extract DNA from a Kiwi fruit using household items. MATERIALS AND METHODS A fruit of Kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa), otherwise known as ‘Chinese gooseberry’, was used to extract DNA. Outer skin of the fruit was peeled off and the fruit was chopped into small pieces using a knife. These pieces were put into a jar and mashed thoroughly to break open cells and enhance relea se of DNA. The Extraction buffer (Table 1) was added into fruit pulp and continued further mashing to enhance release of more DNA. Table 1. Composition of the extraction buffer Component Quantity Washing up liquid 5g Salt 2g Tap water 100ml All components were mixed and stirred slowly until salt was completely dissolved. This Kiwi - buffer mixture was then incubated at 600 C for 15 min. by carefully immersing the jar in a water bath. The water bath was prepared by filling a large basin with approximately equal volumes of normal tap water and boiling water from a kettle. The precise temperature was maintained by using a thermometer. After 15 minutes, the jar was removed from the water bath and the content was filtered through a fine sieve (coffee filter) into a fresh jar to separate Kiwi DNA from other cellular debris. Ice-cold alcohol was pre-prepared by freezing methylated spirit for a minimum of 30 min period and this was carefully poured down the inside of the jar containing Kiwi DNA suspension. RESULTS A yellow-green colored filtrate was observed after filtering the incubated mixture of fruit pulp and buffer. When ice-cold alcohol was added into this filtrate, a transparent layer was formed on top of the Kiwi mixture as alcohol has lesser density than the mixture. Gradually, a white substance began to appear at the bottom of the ice cold alcohol layer where it met the Kiwi DNA suspension. This white substance was Kiwi DNA and could be collected using a small spatula made from a curved paper clip. DISCUSSION Since all living

Geology and the Glacial History of the SW British Columbia Region Research Paper

Geology and the Glacial History of the SW British Columbia Region - Research Paper Example A geological chart of the SW province illustrates the numerous diverse rock types arranged in a complex pattern, for example, the map specifics show intrusive igneous rocks, which are characteristically coarse crystalline in nature. Regardless of the differences in mineralogical composition, these plutonic rock types tend to be related to a specific kind of terrain. These different rock types are structured in a complex range of simple stocks to the huge multi faceted batholith of the Coast Mountains. These means that the rocks in the SW region are comparatively resilient to weathering as they are comprised mainly of tough minerals made of quartz, hornblende, and feldspar structured as a unified fabric of interconnecting crystals. Consequently, inclines on these rock landforms are usually steep making the topography rugged. Glacially fashioned cliffs survive with little alteration, particularly in enormous or thinly jointed rocks. Joints and faults establish outlines of weakness and are shadowed by cliffs, gorges, and depressions. A brief description of tectonic history is essential in understanding the SW province since the key topographic structures of the region are tectonically managed and numerous mountainous ranges owe their current high altitude to recent fault uplift and not resistance to erosion. Tectonics is established as the major architectural forces in the SW province of British Colombia. Southwestern British Columbia known is also recognized as one of the most seismically lively regions in Canada.

Analyze and interpret the piece answering the appropriate questions Essay

Analyze and interpret the piece answering the appropriate questions from the Questions to Ask of Art - Essay Example This paper basically analyzes the first movement, which follows the â€Å"Adagio sostenuto (slow and sustained)† tempo, which is played in â€Å"pianissimo (very soft)† with the loudest tune being â€Å"mezzoforte† (Miller 2). The song follows a â€Å"dotted rhythm melody† and comprises the technique of â€Å"lamentation,† which is accompanied by a â€Å"triplet rhythm ostinato† (Miller 2). The song makes use of a sole instrument, the pedalier piano, with no additional instruments or voices performing the piece. While analyzing the song, composed in sonata form, a listener notices a second theme at 1:10, the development which starts around 1:51 and the recapitulation  at 3:04. Interestingly, there is a transition between different keys, however the basic melody and rhythm remain the same, thus giving the â€Å"impression of grave meditation† (Miller 2). The Moonlight Sonata was published and performed in the year â€Å"1802,† and dedicated to Beethoven’s beloved, his seventeen year old pupil â€Å"Countess Giulietta Guicciardi,† (Miller 2). Listening to this piece of music truly makes me understand why it has grown so popular since its composition more than 200 years ago. The unusual form of the composition makes it standout from other sonatas and I agree with Rellstab, as he says that the song reminds him of a â€Å"boat visiting, by moonlight, the primitive landscapes of Lake Lucerne† (Silverman 15). Although I have not visited that particular lake, I can still relate to that image and the song somehow inspires in me a feeling of self reflection, where I want to revisit the painful events of my past and simply let go of them. This composition is truly a work of art that portrays the internal struggles Beethoven faced with his hearing loss. Across the Universe is a hit song from the album ‘No One’s Gonna Change Our World,’ released by The Beatles on 1969. There are different versions to the song, however, the psychedelic folk appeal coupled

Analysis of the financial statements of three leading supermarkets in Research Paper

Analysis of the financial statements of three leading supermarkets in UK - Research Paper Example Reporting financial results in a transparent and straightforward fashion is a means to an end (Fridson & Alvarez, 2002). The financial performance of a company can be discerned by the different financial ratios in accounting that tries to evaluate the overall financial condition of a company. The different financial ratios can be categorised into liquidity ratios, activity ratios, debt ratios and profitability ratios. Liquidity ratios measure the company's availability of cash to pay its obligations and debts. Activity ratios measure the ability of the company to convert non-cash assets into cash. Debt ratios measure the company's capability to repay long term obligations. Profitability ratios measures how the company controls its expenses and uses its assets in order to generate an acceptable rate of return. Based on the financial statements and financial ratios calculated, Tesco is more liquid than Sainsbury and Morrison. The liquidity of the company is measured by the current assets ratio as well as the acid test ratio. An asset is liquid if can be readily converted to cash, while a liability is liquid if it must be repaid in the near future. The current assets ratio compares the assets that will turn into cash within the year to the liabilities that must be paid within the year. The acid test ratio is a more conservative liquidity measure where the numerator of the current ratio is reduced by the value of its inventory. (Higgins, 1995) The trends of Tesco's liquidity ratios are increasing from 2007 to 2009. This means that the company has

Legal Aspects of Nursing- Homework 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Legal Aspects of Nursing- Homework 5 - Essay Example The installed monitoring gadget was more accurate with the operation of the nurse and if the case was to be taken from this instant then the conspicuous and repeated discrepancy between the two records were sufficient evidence to justify the actions of the facility. As the case proceeded to the trial levels, things were bound to change(Sloan, 1993). From the confession of other nurses that the facility did not have proper policy on documentation of narcotics and most of them had equally taken invalid records, gave the nurse upper hand to verify her claim. The discrepancy realized may have been as a result of mistakes made in undertaking the manual documentation for which the facility management seemed not give much attention. Testimony of the other nurses over uncensored manual documentation painted negligence on the side of the facility and therefore they lacked concrete incriminating evidence to suspend the nurse. This means that the testimony of the other nurses turned tables agai nst the defense of the facility for suspending the nurse. The institution just realized that there had been a massive misinformation due to invalid records that must have been documented over time by most of the nurses (Sloan, 1993). The facility management therefore remained more exposed in its incompetency to make sound documentation policies which are the backbone of efficient operation of the facility and quality healthcare. The facility therefore had to address the issue of ineffective documentation policy that must have given the suspended nurse legal loophole to successfully sue it. Ruling of the case ought to have been in favor of the suspended nurse since her actions and the subsequent testimony exposed the long standing negligence of the institution as far as ethical and legal healthcare practices are concerned (Rosdahl & Kowalski,2008). The most important principle of safety to the patients in this case is to minimize error by following due instruction in terms of adminis tering the right doze of the recommended prescription. The delay of documentation that the nurses testified to have been committing presents an open case of negligence since this is a matter of law and ethics which they must have been trained on. By the standard of their qualification, the patients are under their care in the spirit of trust and failure to take up their duties appropriately like documentation makes them liable to tort of negligence (Sloan, 1993). The confession about delay of the nurses’ documentation of such crucial information put the life of the patients at risk besides giving the institution wrong information that would be costly in terms of medication stocking and medical billing on patients. This therefore amounted to services below standard of care. The action of the nurses from this case presents poor ethical standards on the part of the nurses. It is imperative that the nurses know that communicating an existing problem that pose a threat to the faci lity and the health of the patients is primary to the welfare of the society (Rosdahl & Kowalski, 2008). The institution management should also underscore the significance of free and healthy interaction with its staff so that it would be easy for them to note any anomaly in their behavior. The interest of the patient should come first since the cardinal role of the nurses is to save life and this would suffice the definition of positive ethical code

Reflection Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflection - Case Study Example In addition, the author has explored the roles of managers, CFO’s, and strategists in ensuring that the aspects of competitive advantage and shareholder value coexist well in their companies. The author of this article has also discussed the aspects of short-term and long-term measures of earnings in a company. According to the author, most managers believe in short-term measures and dismiss the long-term. However, the author proves that it is important for a manager to focus on long-term valuations of cash flow. A major reason is that long-term orientation takes into account various important aspects in the market; include the pricing mechanism of the market. This article has a considerable relationship with basic financial management. Overall, the article addresses an aspect that involves planning and directing the use of the financial resources of a company. This includes all cash acquired from lenders and investors, as well as the cash obtained through the operations of the company. The author has tied this role to the Chief Financial Officer and other managers responsible. The responsibility of financial management in a company belongs to senior financial officers and/or owner of the company. Therefore, the author has tied this role to the responsible and relevant parties. The content of this article also to a larger extent addresses the aspect of cash management, which is important in Financial Management. For instance, in the article, the focus on cash flows in a company and how it affects company productivity and competitive advantage sheds light on the important practices that financial managers should adopt in order to ensure increased productivity, competitive advantage, and shareholder value for the company. The content of the article also addresses an important aspect in financial management, planning and forecasting. For instance, in the long-term orientation, the author notes that in order to have an accurate view of market pricing,

The Relationship between Employee Commitment and Employee Engagement, Assignment

The Relationship between Employee Commitment and Employee Engagement, Employee Satisfaction - Assignment Example It also can be referred as creating a healthy work environment for the employees in order to motivate them. It will help the employees to connect with their work and job responsibilities (Storey, Wright and Ulrich, 2009, p.300). On the other hand, commitment can be defined as willingness to persevere in a course of reluctance and action to change plans. The employees devote their energy and time to fulfil their job responsibility as well as their personal, community, family and spiritual obligations. Employees, who are committed to their organizations and highly engaged in their job, provide effective competitive advantages to the organizations in terms of higher output. Uncommitted employees do not bother about workplace performance and outputs. On the other hand, the committed employees tend to provide their total effort to fulfil their personal career goals and job responsibility. Engagement of an employee cannot possible without effective commitment towards the organization and s eer hard work. Leaders or the managers of an organization play a vital role in employee engagement. It is important for a manager to provide value to the needs or satisfaction level of an employee in order to retrain employee commitment and employee engagement. Only a motivated employee can perform effectively in an organization. ... It will help an organization to achieve success (Mannelly, 2009, p.161). Committed employees are more engaged to their job and organization comparing to the uncommitted employees. Employee engagement, employer practices, work performance and business results are highly related to each other. It is the responsibility of the employers to motivate their employees to perform efficiently. Effective performance appraisal, incentive systems, career growth opportunities are the motivation and performance drivers for an employee in an organization. These aspects made an employee committed to their job. Committed employees provide their best performance in order to capitalize on the potential career opportunities. Therefore, it can be stated that, effective employee engagement can help an organization to increase its business productivity. Effective performance appraisal system increases the commitment level of an employee. It is evident that the global workplace behaviour is changing dramatic ally (Albrecht, 2010, p.67). Now-a-days, the customers are trying to achieve value added and high quality products and services. Therefore, the global organizations are trying to motivate their workforce in order to meet with the demand of the customers. The uncommitted employees cannot perform effectively due to lack of workplace motivation. As the skilled and motivated employees are the biggest assets of an organization, therefore it is responsibility of the organization to take care of their needs. Therefore, it can be concluded that committed employees are more engaged with their work and responsibilities than the uncommitted employees. Is it correct to say that Committed Employees are more satisfied than

Virginia Henderson Essay Example for Free

Virginia Henderson Essay Virginia Avenel Henderson, the fifth child of Lucy Abbot Henderson and Daniel B. Henderson’s eight children and a descendant of a chain of scholars and educators was born in Kansas City, Missouri in November 30, 1897. She was known for her contribution as an American nurse, author, theorist and a researcher. Henderson started her early education with her aunts, her sister and at his Uncle Charles Abbott’s community school for boys at Virginia. She proceeded to the Washington, D. C. based Army School of Nursing and later pursued her M. A. degree in nursing education at Columbia University teachers college where she become part of the â€Å"Columbia school† of nursing theory (Barnard, 1990, 15). Henderson’s nursing career began in 1921, at Henry Street Visiting Nurse Association, New York and two years in the profession she proceeded to the Visiting Nurse Association, Washington, D. C. where she practiced for one year until 1924. In the same year Norfolk Protestant Hospital, Norfolk, Virginia, offered Henderson a chance to work as a Supervisor and Clinical instructor in the Outpatient department until 1930. It was here where Henderson took an active role in the state nurses association She proceeded on to join the Teachers College, Columbia University in New York as an instructor and Associate Professor, a career she served competently till 1948. Henderson burning desire for the profession did not end there, in 1953; she joined the Yale University School of Nursing, New Haven, Connecticut, as a Research Associate and the year 1971 saw Henderson become a research associate with Research Associate Emeritus (Reniers, 1941, 89). During her nursing career, Henderson made some national and international achievements that made her to be identified as the quintessential nurse of the twentieth century. She became the recipient of the Virginia Historical Nurse Leader award and a Member of the American nurses Association Hall of fame while at Norfolk Protestant school of Nursing as a full –time nursing instructor She is also respected for proposing the plan for creating districts in the Graduate Nurses association of Virginia currently know as Virginia Nurses’ association and advocating for the psychiatric nursing to be included in the curriculum. She has served in the committees that came up with the course at Eastern state Hospital based in Williamsburg, Virginia in the year 1929. It was in June, 1985 that Henderson was awarded with the first Christianne Reimann Prize by the international Council of nurses and in 1988 she won the Virginia Historical Nurse Leadership award as well as recognition by the Virginia nurses association as one if the fifty-one pioneer nurses in Virginia in 2000. The Library of Sigma Theta Tau International was also named in her honor and she was bestowed with honorary degrees from some thirteen (Reiners, 1941, 96). Henderson has been famed for authoring the her nursing definition â€Å"the nurse has the unique obligation of helping the person who is either sick or well, to perform the activities that contribute to health as well as its recovery â€Å"till a peaceful death† which he was in a position to perform without aid if he was having the required strength, knowledge or the will to do it†. She has been referred to as the â€Å"first lady of nursing† as well as the â€Å"first international true nurse†. This is mainly because of her contribution to the nursing profession where her writing, presentations and research work as well as her contact with nurses made some profound effects to the profession and impact on the care recipients by nurses all over the world (Barnard, 1990, 24). During her teaching career at Teacher College, Columbia University, Henderson was remembered for her outstanding character that attracted so many students from all over the world to study with her. Most nurses in the U. S got the chance to study with her while at their home schools after her revision of Bertha Harmer’s book Textbook of the Principles and practice of Nursing was in wide use. Henderson while in Yale contributed to publication of Nursing Research a Survey and Assessment that was in collaboration with Leo Simonds. In addition to these she directed four volumes Nursing Studies Index, twelve years project that has been used intensively for reference over the years. Nature of Nursing, another Henderson’s book that was published in 1966, elaborated her notion on the essence of nursing which later had a lot of influence to those who went through it. At 75, she focused on the international teaching as well as speaking, enabling another generation to gain from contact with this quintessential nurse of the twentieth century. She described Nursing role to be related to the needs of the patient but not to the general nursing theory. Her work is useful and widely adapted by many nurses all over the world because it is believed to be practical and based on the experience of the profession. Henderson died at the age of 98, at the Connecticut Hospice and was laid down in her family plot of the churchyard, St.Stephen’s church, forest, Bedford County in Virginia (Power, 1998, 35). Work Cited: Barnard F. Hollinger, Outside the Magic Circle: the Autobiography of Virginia Henderson, Alabama, University of Alabama Press, 1990, pp. 15, 24. Power Trace, Lee’s Miserables: Life in the army of Northern Virginia from the Wilderness to Appomattox, Carolina, University of North Carolina press, 1998, pp. 35. Reniers Perceval, the springs of Virginia: Life, love and Death at the Waters, Carolina, University of North Carolina Press, 1941, pp. 89, 96.

Allelopathy Paper Essay Example for Free

Allelopathy Paper Essay Introduction: Considering the beneficial properties of plants, not only to us, but the environment as well, it is important to understand the nature of Allelopathy and how it affects plant ecology. According to the Topics in Biology Laboratory Manuel, allelopathy refers to â€Å"the beneficial or harmful effects of one plant on another plant, by the release of chemicals from plant parts in both natural and agricultural systems. † By secretion of biochemical materials, allelopathy involves a plant’s ability to inhibit germination or growth of the surrounding germination. In our exercise, we tested for the presence of allelopathic chemicals in plant shoots and the effect of the allelopathic chemicals (our I. V. ) on the germination and growth (our D. V. ) on radish seeds. The question proposed became, â€Å"Does Rose seed extract affect the germination and growth of radish seeds? † Keeping the allelopathic effects in mind, our working hypothesis became, â€Å"If radish seeds get exposed to the rose leaf extract, then their percent successful germination and the average length will be less than the percent successful germination and the average length of the radish seeds which do not get exposed to the Rose leaf extract. Materials: For week 1 and week 2 the following materials were used: 10 grams of fresh leaves (rose), sandwich-type plastic bag, a scale, a blender, 100 mL of distilled water, folded cheesecloth, a funnel, one stock bottle, 3 pieces of filter paper, two Petri dishes, and 40 radish seeds. Methods: According to the Topics in Biolo gy Laboratory Manuel, the experiment was conducted as follows: First we needed to collect fresh leaves from one plant species, and fill up a plastic sandwich bag, which we were to bring with us to the lab. Next in groups we were to weigh 10 grams of leaves from the one plant species and place the measured sample in a blender. Next we added the 100 mL of distilled water to the blender. Holding the lid of the blender, we blended the mixture completely. Then we placed some folded cheesecloth into a funnel and sat it into a stock bottle. Finally we poured the blended mixture through the funnel/cheesecloth to filter the solution. To test the Allelopathic effects, we then needed to place 3 pieces of filter paper in each of the bottoms of the two Petri dishes. In one Petri dish (labeled with the leaf extract) we added 10 mL of the filtered solution, so that it soaked the filter paper layers. In the second Petri dish (labeled control), we added 10 mL of distilled water so that the water soaked the filter paper layers as well. Next in each of the Petri dished we added 20 radish seeds on top of the 3 pieces of filter paper, evenly spaced. Then we placed another piece of filter paper on top of the seeds in both dishes. Finally, we placed the lids on top of both Petri dishes to prevent excessive evaporation and stored them at room temperature, giving them a week to germinate, then be evaluated. Results: For our results, after careful observations and measurements, the percentages of successful germination were as follows: For the Experimental group, that is the group treated with extract, had a 70% success rate in which 14 of the 20 radish seeds had sprouts. However, the Control group, which had been treated with distilled water, had an 85% of successful germination in which 17 of the 20 seeds had sprouted. When comparing the seedlings length, the experimental group recorded 3. 0 mm being the shortest, and 13. 0 mm being the longest, making 4. mm the average length of the seedlings, all which is indicated on the following two pages by bar graph representations on average seed length and percentage rates of both groups. When looking at the control group, however, the shortest length measured was 12. 0 mm and the longest was 62. 0 mm, making their average 42. 0 mm. When observing each of the radish seed’s conditions, it was obvious that the control group produced healt hier, more vibrant seedlings with an extended root system and hair. However the experimental group contained more so dry, yellowish seeds with little to no root hair. Discussion: When observing the results of the Allelopathy experiment, it is evident that the results reflect and indeed support my hypothesis which stated that, â€Å"If radish seeds get exposed to the rose leaf extract, then their percent successful germination and the average length will be less than the percent successful germination and the average length of the radish seeds which do not get exposed to the Rose leaf extract. † So again when comparing the average length of seedlings between the control group and the experimental group, there really is no comparison; the experimental group had a mere 4. mm length verses that of the control group which had a remarkable 42. 0 mm length. Although noted both had a high percentage rate of germination, it really comes down to Allelopathy and the competitive â€Å"chemical warfare,† present in our experimental group. As for leaving room for error, a number of problems could have taken place, such as if small amounts of water needed to be added to re-saturate the filter paper, or if fungus appeared due to the high temperatures, etc. Over all I believe the experiment did a good job of explaining and demonstrating the Allelopathic effects on plant economy.

Informed Consent in Treatment

Informed Consent in Treatment Danelle J. Hollenbeck Introduction Informed consent is an ethical idea or concept which clients must understand and agree to prior to receiving an assessment, treatment, etc. This paper explores informed consent in treatment and confidentiality. It explores why it is important to acquire informed consent and maintain confidentiality when providing treatment. Due to restrictions in length of the paper, I will not focus on informed consent involving minors or the incapacitated. Informed Consent in Treatment Informed consent is an ethical and legal design to ensure clients are provided with knowledge and information about the treatment in which they are seeking, thus decide whether or not they want to participate in the treatment when the consent has been given to them and is worded in language that is easy to understand (Fishers, 2013, p.12). Standard in informed consent would be the nature of all information that is included in the procedures and steps that must be taken to protect the rights of children and adults with impairments, thus not able to provide consent (Fishers, 2013, p.12). It is important that a practitioner receives informed consent for evaluations, assessments, and treatment, except when mandated by law (â€Å"APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, â€Å"n.d.). Practitioners using the services of an interpreter must obtain informed consent from the client in order to use that interpreter, which ensures on behalf of the client that confidentiality is maintained. It is also imperative that practitioners inform (whilst obtaining informed consent) they inform clients as early as possible about fees involved, limits of confidentiality, and involvement of third parties (â€Å"APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, â€Å"n.d.). Where I work we have a packet in which the first 4 sheets are consent to share information and include consent to share data to NTDMS, two charities we work in partnership with and would be providing services to clients, and social services. There is also a form they sign which states t hat information obtained in this assessment is confidential unless they are at risk to themselves or others, or have put a child at-risk. Informed consent also includes identifying a person’s professional identity, explaining the risks, and the client’s ability to discontinue treatment at any time. According to Hudgins, et al (2013) â€Å"informed consent also includes the notice that is  required by federal or state laws, professional ethical codes, or both, concerning the patient rights†Ã‚  (pg.11). this is very important to have so people entering into treatment know what their rights  are. Effective ways to ensure the ethical standards are being met is to put informed consent in the  patient handbook (Hudgins et al, 2013, p 8). The most powerful tool in compliance and ensuring  ethical standards is to create a pathway into the informed consent process which exists right at  the beginning. HIPAA patient material that is required and Part 2 can be included in the patient  handbook, along with the â€Å"Mental Health Bill of Rights† that may be required by state statute  Hudgins et al, 2013, pg. 8). Informed consent, as with any medical procedure, should be revisited  and documented. The practitioner has a duty to ensure the client is involved in ethical decisions  about his or her care. The process of securing informed consent involves patient education by the  practitioner (Rock Hoebeke, 2014, pg. 4). Each patient is expected to be the guardian of their  own body, as long as they are of sound mind. A patient of sound mind may choose not to go  ahead with treatment, even if it is life-saving (Rock Hoebeke, 2014, pg. 2). American law does  not permit the practitioner to have personal judgment over the client (Rock Hoebeke, 2014, pg.  2), nor permit the practitioner to assert personal judgment over the client. According to Rock   Hoebeke, â€Å"Respect for human dignity requires the recognition of specific patient rights,  particularly, the right of self-determination. Self-determination, also known as autonomy, is the  philosophical basis for informed consent in health care. Patients have the moral and legal right to  determine what will b e done with their own person; to be given accurate, complete, and  understandable information in a manner that facilitates an informed judgment; to be assisted with  weighing the benefits, burdens, and available options in their treatment, including the choice of  no treatment; to accept, refuse, or terminate treatment without deceit, undue influence, duress,  coercion, or penalty† (2014). It is therefore imperative each person entering into treatment has  the means allowed to accept or deny treatment by under which the means they understand it. Another point to consider regarding informed consent is that although a practitioner  may appoint a receptionist or nurse to obtain the written informed consent, it is legally and  ethically the practitioner’s sole responsibility to ensure his or her client has been educated in  regards to assessment and treatment. This cannot be delegated to a latter employee (Hock   Roebeke, 2014, pg. 3). Ethically and legally reliability getting informed consent lies within  the practitioner providing treatment, which includes also the risks and benefits of the treatment. Although delegation clearly is appointed at the pathway of treatment when doing an assessment,  the practitioner does so at the sole discretion that they are doing so risking liability. Those who  have been delegated this work should be properly trained as outlined in Standards 2.05 (â€Å"APA  Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, â€Å"n.d.) which states those who are  delegated work have been properly trained (apa.org). Therefore the person witnessing the  signature is knowledgeable and looks for clues to determine if the person is lucid and  comprehends the informed consent. This can cause further ethical and legal  situations if each person providing informed written consent is not coherent. Finally, spontaneously signing the form by a patient should not be allowed. It is  imperative that each patient reads and understands the forms they are signing. Signing without  reading has been a habitual practice (Rock Hoebeke, 2014, p. 4). The receptionist, nurse, or  other point of contact before seeing the practitioner is the advocate of the patient, thus should  assess the patient’s understanding of treatment. In practice, I have taken clients into a private  room and read to them the informed consent forms to make sure they understand what they are  signing. I already employ all of these methods in my daily practice setting now when undertaking  first contact, initial assessments, etc. I plan to use the Ethics Code and guidelines in the same  manner in which I was trained. Because I am providing a service to people I must ensure they  understand the service they are receiving. If they are not able to read or write, I will read it for  them in a private setting, or if they require an interpreter I will employ Standard 2.05 (â€Å"APA  Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct, â€Å"n.d.) and hire a trained interpreter. It  is imperative I follow the Ethics Code in strict line with my work so that I am not  jeopardizing my clients or also myself. References APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://memforms.apa.org/apa/cli/interest/ethics1.cfm#10_01 Fisher,C.B. (2013).Decoding the ethics code: A practical guide for psychologists: includes the 2010 APA amendments to the ethics code(3rded.). Los Angeles [etc.: SAGE. Hudgins, PhD,C., Rose, PhD,S., Fifield,P., Arnault,S. (2013).Navigating the Legal and Ethical Foundations of Informed Consent and Confidentiality in Integrated Primary Care(Vol. 31). Retrieved from American Psychological Association website: http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.lib.kaplan.edu/eds/detail/ Rock,M., Hoebeke,R. (2014). Informed consent: whose duty to inform?MedSurgNursing,23(3), 4. Retrieved from http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.lib.kaplan.edu

The Shame of Cigarette Smoking in the Healthcare System :: Journalism Journalistic Essays Smoke

Smokers in scrubs: The shame of cigarette smoking in the healthcare system On a recent Thursday morning, while some hospital employees smoked cigarettes in Brigham and Women’s safe haven known as the "butt-hut," others crowded the lobby on Frances Street in Boston to check out the American Cancer Society's â€Å"The Great American Smoke-Out† event. Two women sat behind a folding table handing out informational pamphlets on smoking hazards and ways to kick the fatal habit. Several of the women and men who approached the table for information or signed up to get their lung capacity tested were wearing scrubs, a sign that cigarette smoking is still prevalent among health care employees. â€Å"Hospitals, including Dana Farber, are starting to now reimburse employees who enroll in a quit-smoking program. In some cases, they get back almost $ 500 for counseling, patches, and nicotine gum,† said Jennifer Kelly, who runs the smoking cessation program at Brigham and Women’s. The smoking cessation program is offered to both employees and the public, and provides individual and group counseling, which meets one day a week for eight weeks. Kelly explained that each hour- long session costs $10, however the fee is waived for those with free healthcare benefits or Medicare and all participants of the program receive discounts on nicotine patches and chewing gum. With several Boston area programs designed to rid the habit of the 20% of Massachusetts residence, who smoke and with hospitals practically paying their employees to quit smoking than why are 47 million adults in the U.S. still smoking cigarettes? Nicotine is one of the most addictive substances today; studies have shown that nicotine is as addictive to people as heroin, cocaine and alcohol. According to a study conducted by the American Cancer Society, in the U.S today, nicotine is the most common form of drug addiction among adults, high school students and middle-school students. While studies preformed by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention have shown that cigarette smoking has declined 40% among adults ages 18 and over, between the years of 1965 and 1999 still today, nearly 26% of men and 22% of women smoke cigarettes. Dr. Laura Fredenburgh, a soft spoken and attractive woman in a white coat with her name and title embroidered on the pocket, sat at a long table on Thursday morning. She carefully explained to people the results of their free lung capacity tests that were given during the â€Å"Smoke-Out.

Tupac Shakur - Me Against the World Essays -- Music

Tupac Shakur - Me Against the World I was 13 years old. Anticipation thrilled my mind and body as the sea air wafted through the window. My best friend and I were nearing the beach and the mini-van we had inhabited for six hours felt as though it was closing in on us. Thoughts of the beach, the simplicity, and the freedom had controlled my mind for weeks, even months prior to our trip to the beach. Harnessing my recent hormone attack was still a challenge and images of tan girls plagued my mind. Then it happened. A song came on the radio that became my motto for the week; however even though that week ended, the artist never left my life. The voice I heard was that of Tupac Shakur and the song was "I Get Around." The lyrics of the song were boastful and egotistical. I loved it. With Tupac’s display of masculinity as my inspiration, my chances of picking up some of those tan girls were great. Unfortunately, I didn’t and my determined mission was in vein; however to this day Tupac’s music, spirit and camaraderie still gives me inspiration. At the end of that wonderful week we were forced to pack up and leave the freedom and the warmth of the beach. With me I took many memories, and a new tee shirt with the slogan "I Get Around" boldly written on the back. Years have passed. My best friend is still my best friend, but we rarely talk. Now, nearly nothing is quite the same. Friendships have passed; I've changed mentally and physically. Through all of the changes, Tupac has always been at my side. He elevates the highs in my life and illustrates the lows. Tupac Shaker is still influencing me, and I still own that tee shirt. I never lost touch with Tupac. I bought the album with "I Get Around," and I bought his preceding albu... ...ac. I'd lay on the warm sand, whip out my jackknife (headphones) and proceed to examine Tupac's music and life, down to its soul. I could rediscover his essence and get past the thuggish symbolic complex that is so often associated with Tupac. Although the shining serpent has departed this earth I am thankful that he brightens my world and eases my pain everyday. I think when my professor gave this assignment; he intended his class to contemplate for weeks about which CD we would listen to while wasting away on a desert island. What my professor didn’t understand was that I’ve been wasting away for years, and I need this CD to survive, stranded or not. Â   Bibliography: Anson, Robert. "To Die Like a Gangsta." Vanity Fair: Mar, 1997: 244-252. Percy, Walker. "The Loss of the Creature." The Message in the Bottle. New York: Farrar, Srauss, Giroux, 1975: 46-63. Tupac Shakur - Me Against the World Essays -- Music Tupac Shakur - Me Against the World I was 13 years old. Anticipation thrilled my mind and body as the sea air wafted through the window. My best friend and I were nearing the beach and the mini-van we had inhabited for six hours felt as though it was closing in on us. Thoughts of the beach, the simplicity, and the freedom had controlled my mind for weeks, even months prior to our trip to the beach. Harnessing my recent hormone attack was still a challenge and images of tan girls plagued my mind. Then it happened. A song came on the radio that became my motto for the week; however even though that week ended, the artist never left my life. The voice I heard was that of Tupac Shakur and the song was "I Get Around." The lyrics of the song were boastful and egotistical. I loved it. With Tupac’s display of masculinity as my inspiration, my chances of picking up some of those tan girls were great. Unfortunately, I didn’t and my determined mission was in vein; however to this day Tupac’s music, spirit and camaraderie still gives me inspiration. At the end of that wonderful week we were forced to pack up and leave the freedom and the warmth of the beach. With me I took many memories, and a new tee shirt with the slogan "I Get Around" boldly written on the back. Years have passed. My best friend is still my best friend, but we rarely talk. Now, nearly nothing is quite the same. Friendships have passed; I've changed mentally and physically. Through all of the changes, Tupac has always been at my side. He elevates the highs in my life and illustrates the lows. Tupac Shaker is still influencing me, and I still own that tee shirt. I never lost touch with Tupac. I bought the album with "I Get Around," and I bought his preceding albu... ...ac. I'd lay on the warm sand, whip out my jackknife (headphones) and proceed to examine Tupac's music and life, down to its soul. I could rediscover his essence and get past the thuggish symbolic complex that is so often associated with Tupac. Although the shining serpent has departed this earth I am thankful that he brightens my world and eases my pain everyday. I think when my professor gave this assignment; he intended his class to contemplate for weeks about which CD we would listen to while wasting away on a desert island. What my professor didn’t understand was that I’ve been wasting away for years, and I need this CD to survive, stranded or not. Â   Bibliography: Anson, Robert. "To Die Like a Gangsta." Vanity Fair: Mar, 1997: 244-252. Percy, Walker. "The Loss of the Creature." The Message in the Bottle. New York: Farrar, Srauss, Giroux, 1975: 46-63.

An Unbreakable Union Essay -- American History, Politics, Lincoln

An Unbreakable Union As Abraham Lincoln was sworn into the office of President of the United States of America, the nation was deeply divided, with several states having seceded to form the Confederate States of America. He promised to â€Å"preserve, protect, and defend† (Doc #1) the Union and its federal forts and property in the Confederacy that were being dismantled and appropriated by the South. Lincoln further promised in his address that â€Å"no State can lawfully [leave] the Union† (Doc #1) and that he would reassert the laws of the Union in the rebellious states. What role did Lincoln take in the events between his inauguration and the outbreak of the Civil War? Was he preparing for peace, or planning for war? Lincoln took a direct role in the events leading to the outbreak of hostilities. Not only did he attempt to negotiate a peaceful resolution and open dialogues with Southern officials, he tried to rein in his advisors who challenged his positions, and cemented his administra tion’s stance on the question of secession. Prior to Lincoln’s inauguration in March, Lincoln played direct and indirect roles in the events that shaped the beginning of a civil war. Although the future cabinet members around him urged him to make statements to convince the South he had no intentions of abolishing slavery in their states, he did nothing of the kind, refusing to make public statements until he was sworn into office. He refused to do this because he was already on record for saying he had no constitutional powers (until he was made president) yet, and because he felt it would be a sign of weakness to be compelled to repeat his sentiments over and again, and to be kept on the defensive: â€Å"they would seize upon almost any letter I could wri... ...secession, he was prepared for the possibility of war, but had no plans to attack the South. He made offers with the South to trade the forts for assurances of peace, and even ordered his men to surrender if it would save their lives. While Lincoln’s decision to supply the fort with provisions was a provocation and led to a Confederate attack, Lincoln never made the order to fire on the South first, and he took steps, continuously, to avoid a conflict and try to reason with the Southern government. Lincoln had no plans for war, and his reinforcement of Fort Sumter was to affirm its status as a federal fort, not to force the Confederacy into starting a war. Both sides had an aim: whether it was to gain complete independence or pull back the secessionist states into the Union, neither was willing to back down, and the responsibility for the war rests on both sides.

Prince of Denmark: A Hero?

William's Shakespeare's famous drama Hamlet, is filled with treachery, revenge, and corruption. The play unfolds as the protagonist, a troubled young prince, looses his father to the hand of his uncle. At the same time, his recently widowed mother marries this uncle becomes new king of Denmark. After encountering his father's ghost, young Hamlet dedicates himself to avenge his father's murder. But although at the beginning he seems sure of what he's set out to do, his many flaws start to show thought out the story. He begins constantly struggling in a battle with his mind, and delays action by finding reasons to avoid his duties. He also builds up many emotions on his mother's marriage, and looses faith on all women. He becomes uninterested in life and sees no meaning of it. He's unable to act, to think clearly, to love, to build a much more meaningful life and hides himself in his own thoughts. He clearly was not a fit hero, for he was a passive, suicidal, misogynist wimp. Hamlet can be portrayed as uncertain. He is unclear about whether to avenge the death of his father, or simply mourn his absence but recover and let go. He conveys a feeling of ambiguity in his soliloquies, by fearing condemnation for himself. In act one he first brings out doubts about this father's ghost, saying â€Å"The spirit that I have seen may be the devil. † Making this a quick excuse he continues saying the devil being so strong has abused him in his â€Å"weakness and melancholy† (III, 2, Pg137). He continues to doubt his ability to obey the ghost, for he is simply a coward. He confesses he's â€Å"dull† and claims he cannot take action because his personality is a passive one. As the play goes on, Hamlet still does not find the motivation to continue his plan. He compares himself to the player of a king passionate about Hecuba, when it doesn't mean much to him because he's acting. He says, â€Å"Yet I, a lazy and miserable rascal, mope about like Johnny Daydreams, lacking inspiration for my cause, and unable to say a word. No, not even on behalf of a king who was damnably murdered. † (II, 2, Pg135). The prince of Denmark later begins to convince himself that the ghost was truly his father and is determined to follow the ghost's commands. But in order to kill the king, he thinks of attempting to act but cannot actually bring himself into action. In act III, scene 2, Hamlet decides to go on to kill King Claudius and establish justice once and for all. But at the next scene he talks himself out of character and does not kill the king. Apparently the king was praying in church and he decided not to kill him because â€Å"he would go to heaven. So much for my revenge! †. He delays and intends to do the deed when King Claudius â€Å"is drunk asleep, or in a rage, in bed indulging in incestuous pleasures, blaspheming while playing a game, or involved in some activity that has no trace of God's salvation in it. † (III, 3, Pg187). Hamlet's actions are delayed whenever the situation is not perfect. He goes back and forth, and only kills Claudius when he's almost force to before his own death. Another one of Hamlet's flaws is his lack of contempt for life. After his uncle Claudius murdered his brother, Hamlet's father, he'd knew it was for the power and hand of the queen. His mood turns morbid and depressed. His mind suffered and he was looking at death as the dream of something better than his troubled life. †To live or not to live. That is the issue. Is it more noble to endure the blows of fickle fortune, or to fight against overwhelming odds and overcome them? †(III,1,Pg143). Hamlet is much tired of feeling sorrow over his murdered father and anger towards his mother. But as he contemplates suicide, he wonders and worries about what and where he would go after death. He keeps in mind Christian beliefs of damnation and still sees death as something unknown and feared. But he's constantly wishing he didn't have to go on. â€Å"I have lost my good spirits, dropped all form of exercise. Indeed, I feel so depressed that this beautiful structure the earth seems to be a useless lump of rock. †(II, 2, Pg117). He not only hates his life but the world that surrounds him has no meaning. He even calls his home Denmark, where he is prince, an â€Å"unweedened garden† of â€Å"things rank and gross in nature†(I, 2, Pg00). After coming back from his ship to England, Hamlet encounters a gravedigger and learns he's digging the grave for Ophelia. It makes him feel very angry and confused, and after learning about the life of some of the deceased at the graveyard, changes dramatically his views towards death. He goes from feeling troubled and fearful of the unknown, into a person aware of the reality of death. Hamlet becomes obsessed with it and its effects. In act III he's able to discuss death openly, and when he killed Polonius by mistake he had no sympathy or remorse. Same happened when he sends to kill Rosencratz and Guildenstern believing â€Å"they brought it upon themselves†. He shows numbness to all death around him and death itself. He comes to a conclusion that no matter who you are and how important you are, everyone ends up buried exactly the same way. â€Å"Alexander died, Alexander was buried, Alexander returned to dust, the dust is earth, of earth we make loam,†(V, 1, Pg273) This way of thinking helped him accept Laertes' duel knowing what might be his faith. â€Å"Being prepared for [death] is what matters†¦ what's so bad about an early death? (V, 2, Pg295). During the entire play, Hamlet shows a negative view towards the women in his life as well. He feels that both his mother Gertrude, and lover Ophelia have betrayed them through their actions. His relationship with his mother isn't the best because even though he loves her, he's still angry that she didn't mourn his father and married his uncle so quickly after his death. He feels she has betrayed booth him and his father, he also sees it as immoral and disrespectful. He feels she, as well as all woman are dependent on men too much, are too weak, and cannot think for themselves. He calls them â€Å"brainless beasts† who â€Å"Know well enough what cuckold s [they] make of [men]. †(III, 1, Pg149). He begins to feel disgusted with marriage and sexuality â€Å"Imagine! Living in the stinking sweat of a greasy bed, wallowing in corruption, flirting and making love in that disgusting pigsty! †(III, 4, Pg197). Hamlet does not understand how men could stand having women around them at all. His mother obviously shaped greatly his view on all women. He especially let out all these feelings when he encounters his young love Ophelia. He says harsh things to her and treats her as if she was much more inferior to him. He tells her all women are whores, and all women, including her, who seem pure inside are full of corruption and sexual desires. Ophelia's father also gets offended as he's called a fishmonger, because he ordered his daughter to spy on Hamlet. Hamlet doesn't trust Ophelia, even though she's always willing to listen to him. He thinks he's got women all figured out â€Å"I know all about your cosmetics. God has given you one face, and you must make yourselves another. You wiggle and mince, you put on fancy voices, you use fashionable words, and pretend your affections are natural†(III, 1, Pg149). But in the mist of his rage, he failed to see that Ophelia always defended him and loved him despite his brutality towards her. Not only was he passive, suicidal and misogynist, but he often showed he was a wimp. Hamlet delayed his revenge for so long, making several excuses when he had a clear chance to kill his uncle. Also, he simply did not confront him, but organized a play to set him up on what he called a â€Å"mousetrap†. But this only delayed his actions even more. â€Å"My eyes will be revered on his face, later we'll compare notes judging his demeanor. †(III, 2, Pg157). He showed to be afraid of Claudius, because everything he does is not direct. Hamlet was specially a wimp when he goes to confront his mother, and he notices that someone is hiding behind the curtains but cannot make out who it is. Thinking it might be Claudius, he stabs him with his sword. But the person behind the curtains was Polonius, Ophelia's father. â€Å"You wretched rash, intruding fool- farewell. I thought you were the king. Accept your bad luck. †(III, 4, Pg193). His actions were very cowardly because he didn't attack the king directly, but behind the curtain where one cannot see the attack coming. Young Hamlet may had been a prince by birth but not by actions. He also wasn't fit to be a hero, because his many flaws could not allow him to develop a admirable personality. It can't be denied that his situation was harsh and that it could bring sorrow to anyone in his position. But he should have been able to think and express himself more rationally, instead of running endlessly around the same circle of insecurity. His lack of strength affected not only himself but all members of the court and friends. Upon his death he was given memorial like a soldier, even though he lived like a coward, without love, pride or happiness.

Gemeinschaft vs Gesellschaft Communities

First of all, we posit to understand the disagreement among Gamesmanship and Escalating communities. The terms Gamesmanship ( familiarity) and Escalating ( corporation) were derived from a celebrated sociologist, Toneless, Ferdinand (1855-1936). Modernization Is destroying the close knit communities t lid ar considered Shamelessness and making them more manage a Escalating companionship of interests (Donovan, 1996, p. 4). Gamesmanship cabaret is a community that is tightly knitted together.They make it on their sustain resources and are unlike o depositing on any shell of modernisation for help. It is a community that relies only on all(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) for extract and support, as a result non requesting to rely on the government. By donjon In their own structure, they are qualified to require all aspects of sprightliness such(prenominal) as religion schools medical and food. Having their own regulated rules, thither Is no need for police or Jai ls. They do not use technology and rely on the earth for their every twenty-four hours needs.Ralph Salesman (1976) implied that it is an ceremonious community that al abjects everyone to share the corresponding beliefs and as establishs, heedless of heir abilities and strengths as long as they follow the rules of the community. there were some allowances make for a few of them that may be a little boisterous. It Is a community that stays focused and helps each other out no matter how prominent or small(a) the trouble may be. There Is no ridicule or Judgment as everyone Is treated the similar and wears the same type of clothing (Affirmative Action, Delivered equivalence and the Concept of Community, p. 7).Escalating is complainingly the same but on a different spectrum. Escalating is considered a community but on a larger level. In his large community, there are umteen types of religion, different schools, beliefs and nationalities. The Escalating community Is more modern ized, relying on technology and modernization to survive. Along with the many different someonealities and harmonize to Ben Singer (1996), Escalating derived from Gamesmanship as urban life gave way to modernization. Folks were more arouse in gaining their own profits removing themselves from the noncompetitive society.As modernization progressed so did the competition between peck. Everyone was out for themselves, not caring hat obstacles they had to Jump over or who they meet in the process to get beforehand (Serial Melodrama, p. 78). Both communities are governed by attractors. transcend occurs at all levels and helps in the adjutant stork of organization, Next we see to understand attractorship theories and styles. Leadership is influencing others to follow. Some of the traits of a adder are drive, motivation, honesty and integrity, self-confidence, cognitive ability, phone line knowledge.It does not matter what skills or traits a leader may reserve because they in time carry out their leadership in a type of style (Cliff Notes, p. 1). These styles are Authoritarian Leader who is a person who likes to give orders Democratic Leader leads by adjudicateing to get a consensus communicatory Leader is a person who tries to cut out conflict by creating harmony slavish Leader is an individual who tries to keep a group focused on a goal and lastly, Laissez-fairer Leader which is an individual who is exceedingly permissive (Heinlein, p. 169).By using a shot in leadership theory, we can try to assist the unrest between the Gamesmanship and Escalating communities. As the idea that arbitration destroys community has mystifying roots in sociology. Townies viewed small towns as the model for Gamesmanship. In a Gamesmanship, each person is embedded in a close-knit network of relatives and friends. Members of the community behave a crude ancestry and common values, aspirations, and traditions, as well as many common roles. Shared histories, commo n activities, and popular face-to-face transaction help to gain strong genial and emotional bonds.In a Gamesmanship community, community tend to remain what they were innate(p) to be. Most individuals live and die in the same small area. As a result, people think of their identity in terms of their place within the community. Townies model of Gamesmanship and Escalating, is considered as one of the disciplines most steadfast and fruitful concepts for studying social swap (Bender, 17 as cited in Christenson). Urban, industrial society, according to Townies, is dramatically different.It is a Escalating because people are linked together through with(predicate) formal organizations and markets, rather than informal relations and a sense of belonging. Big cities understand Escalating. Their dense populations guarantee that many of the people who encounter each other in the course of a typical day provide be strangers and their interactions result be impersonal. Relationships tend to be superficial, even with neighbors. These neighbors rise up from different backgrounds, so they do not necessarily share ancestry, values or attitudes.Nor are they apparent to have the same work roles, since work in urban society is highly specialized. These differences can crap social blank (Bell, 1973). The different family ties lead too peaceful modern society which is respectful of its inhabitants. Linking of basic ties is important so that there is a sense of belongingness to a nation through shred ties of operating theater and strength. The modernity of society today have brought along new belief systems as well as rapid changes which have denied a sense of nationhood but focuses in the first place on individual goals.The Gamesmanship society achieves excellent communities must be fair and in cases when there is money world questioned, the leader comes up with a balance broadcast between being firm and being gentle with these people. Directing self-assertive behaviors in a direction of realistic goals explicate by the community is the first step. The advise is to shift the youth of the community room a wish for immediate wizard(prenominal) transformation to instrumental behaviors. The youth of the Gamesmanship society must be helped to gain control over his or her life stead as a means to achieving good power.Addictive persons tend to resist working toward semipermanent goals which involve postponement of gratification and the turn of self-discipline. It may be necessary to set short-term, easily achievable goals at first. There must be a need to teach clients to give themselves strokes when they achieve small successes. They will tend to look to the direction for approval and e may be tempted to oblige (Bell, 1973). Another issue which a lot emerges in counseling youth of the Escalating community is that of achieving intimacy.Helping male clients to establish non-exploitative relationships with women with whom they have tended to disquietude will sometimes emerge as important aspect of counseling. For perfectionist female clients, the problem is that they tend to keep a distance out of fear that self-revelation may lead to criticism and rejection. Counseling will seek to help new-fashioned males to deplorable their views of women, and young women to be more pen and assertive with respect to their feelings. Consciousness-raising and assertiveness training will be important aspects of the counseling in solving the problem (Bell, 1973).Resolution of personal feelings of inadequacy will remove the need to exchange reality with a fix. Nevertheless, the physiological resolution of some individuals to medicates, once habituated is so compel that counseling of the family alone is insufficient (Bell, 1973). In removing the family, some communities like the monasteries emphasize ideology based on love (Hillier Jar. G, 1984). cite of the reverence and seriousness of issues among individuals in two(prenomin al) communities and its relationship to idle reactions present a great challenge to society.The social inequalities endured by the youths handed down from propagation to generation need to be looked into by the government. The youths with low self-esteem are more likely to drop out from school and in conclusion indulge in violent behaviors and drug abuse than those who are well move to stay in school and bang a bright future ahead. tenor for a better solution to the problems of deviation school will solve the problems of students who repeat to gangs and drug selling.The best effort will be the education of these youth so that they are aware from the start roughly their transformation and their contribution to society in general. Thus, it is important that the there will be programs to strengthen family structure in both kinds of communities so that it creates a positive environment for the educational motivation and support for their children, Parents who buzz off a sense of security in the family will help resolve the social insecurities, which will help these youths handle conflicts ND frustrations that will keep them away from violent behaviors.

Marketing Plan: Product and Performance Essay

Executive SummaryMobility, latest trends and technologies are three most significant factors that customer seek today when they walk-in in an electronic item’s outlet. Years before the journey of technology started out from the calculator the most basic computer as we call it. Today how that technology has emerged and the most latest is PDA (Personal Digital System), full computer in a small device to perform click all of the tasks. New Nokia Mobile phone has all the features of a desktop computer, no need of a laptop.You get your product to begin with.The english major source in use during cricket matches, exercising in the morning and during traveling for work or school. 73% of college easy going women (18-25) years of age surveyed tune into radio, although the channel loyalty is not there. The most frequent listening occurs after dinner time.This is different from male portable radio listeners as the FM channels are replacing cassettes as a music source while driving, o ther survey shows that second one of the popular source of music are the FM stations, FM 89, 91 and 106.Finding the demographics of your target marketplace will permit you to good tailor the launch strategy to the folks.

180 million), 16.667% of Pakistanis are young. Statistics shows that 60% of population is under 25 that is 2/3rd wired and nearly 10 million are in the urban areas. GEN X and GEN Y is the most experienced  and accessed generation in the human history.A merchandise is a new product procured or produced by the business to meet with the requirements of the customer.Our Secondary objective is to make good profits and make few more products like this with working hand in hand with the fashion and our way would be walking extract from earrings to necklaces, bracelets and other fashion accessories.Marketing ResearchMethods of Data collection:Basically there are two methods of data collection:1) Primary Data2) Secondary DataPrimary Data Collection:Primary available Data is that data which is collected specifically for the project at hand. The primary data for our assignment resulted from the unstructured interviews that we conducted from different many friends and family members and also many strangers.Secondary Data Collection:Secondary Data is that data, which has already been collected for some other purpose but can be used as reference material.The aim is getting your product into the industry although delivery methods vary widely based on the product.

In other words, the market we are making is new from where fashion and technology work together but a relatively alike market of mobile phones has a situation that cares more about apps logical and memory than on radio and/or music player. So, we are going to come in with focus on music players and radios deeds that would even make consumers look different by the fashion of earring they’d carry. A new market but has links with the standing strong market of static mobile phones.The ProductIntroduction of product:Now days, mobility is becoming an important factor in electronic devices.A superb product isnt simple to define since itll mean things.Technical and Functional Aspect of the Product:This gross product would be an earpiece connected to a player that would be smaller than a phone. Both the devices would be connected via Bluetooth. Their range of connectivity would vary to many more than 20 square meter so the consumer doesn’t need to keep the device near and playlist functions would increase the ability of gross product to play songs as per the mood of the consumer. Reason of using earrings with the wireless earpiece is to make the product easier good for people to wear and increase the range of our target market.To start with, youre mindful of how much it costs to create your merchandise.

Issue: How to identify the potential outlets?Mission statement:â€Å"We are the followers of the latest trend we strongly believe that fashion develops, we provide the best and quality is never compromised. Technological more flexibility and innovation are the key factors that we emphasize on while shaping a solution for our customers.† Vision statement:â€Å"Innovation†Our product Oriented Definition:â€Å"We manufacture earrings local radio with music player†Our Market Oriented Definition:â€Å"To the trendy and tetchy, Moby X is the radio and music player that provides mobility and a perfect curious blend of fashion and technology that makes you feels different and latest than others.†Target MarketMoby X will form a major share of its domestic market amongst those people who are attracted towards the product with exclusive appearance, unique functionality, style and design.Describe the way your target marketplace free will get your merchandise and also how youll market your goods.The mini chip radio and music player in the earrings itself is fascinating and will communicate on its own towards the people who are engrossed through mini products.Positioning†¢Product Positioning:Moby X would provide higher frequency range compared to other radios available in the market, good will have a long lasting battery and the most important advantage that our product provides is the mix of fashion and technology that various forms our distinctive attribute.Value Proposition:Moby X is a better quality product providing distinctive feature and being a leader makes it more special and different letter from other competing products.  LAPCO using latest Japanese technologies is most reliable and durable.In the product description, you should explain what product or your service is, the particular thrust of apply your strategy and the strategies thatll be used to do your own objectives.

†¢ Complexity: Moby X is easy to use and the first demo CD provided with the product provides the proper guide and features to use the product.†¢ Divisibility: Moby X is an expensive product and initially no discounted rates can be offered.†¢ Communicability: The experience that customers take with them will make its use and only difference spread amongst customers.Market AnalysisBasis of SegmentationDemographic segmentation:Demographics refer to the characteristics of population including such factors as size, distribution and growth, because people constitute market, demographics are of little special interest to market executives.In the end, it is not mysterious and youll be able position to promote your company or to manage a person to deal with advertising for you once you understand how pieces fit together.Any one lying in the income bracket of Rs 50,000+ can afford this productPsychographic Segmentation:The psychographics of the Moby X can be analyzed by r eviewing the advertisement. The lifestyle shown in Moby X advertisements portray successful, sophisticated, professional women who are active energetic and full of life. Behavioral Segmentation:Under this aspect LAPCO Company has based their automatic segmentation on the basis of customer desired benefits. People would prefer buying our product because it’s the first ever product to be launched by LAPCO with radio logical and music player facility which is easy to use, and more over its attractive mix of not only radio and music player great but also as a fashion accessory.The plan has to be accessible to any employee at any given moment.

Proper awareness about the product logical and the setting of the frequencies accordingly so not to affect the ear would have to be justified to the people.Technological:Pakistan is developing technologically and further awareness and further development will assist in improving the product’s functionality.Competitor AssessmentCOMPETITOR ANALYSISMoby X is competing in portable media industry.Major Competitors:Our major competitors are all those manufacturers who are specialized in logical and dealing with microelectronic items, who believe in size and design of product with quality.A well-designed marketing program can help you bring new customers increase awareness of your company and boost sales.COMPETITIVE STRATEGIESDifferentiation:Moby X is an innovation in the arena of radios and all kinds of classical music players. It gives connectivity to the outside world in a way that adds value and beauty to the face.Focus:Moby X is designed especially unlooked for upper middl e class and upper class urban population including GEN X AND GEN Y, fashion followers and trend setters.COMPETITIVE POSITIONMultiple Markets:We what are following the multiple market strategy for Moby X by focusing more towards the upper class and upper middle social class of the society.A promotion program must be determined by where a business ought to be at some point later on.

Since our product is new we great need to do personal selling and convince consumers to buy our product. Then eventually as we gain a foot hold in the market we will have retailers selling our product.Marketing StrategyMARKETING MIXPRODUCT CLASSIFICATION:Moby X is broadly classified as consumer product and under this category we define it as a own specialty product because it is a perfect mix of style and technology. It involves strong brand preference and loyalty, special purchase efforts by consumers, little comparison of brands and low price sensitivity.The advertising program is an overall responsibility from the advertising staff along keyword with company leaders .It includes 3 years’ money back warranty and a pair of fabulous earrings along with the product. Customers are encouraged to fair share their views about the buying experience of the product and after sale experience through surveys conducted at the outlets. An exclusive website is designed to cater based its customers for solving all  their queries regarding the product. Online purchasing service is also available.Face it is a chore.

3 years (Limited) Warranty.Size – (1/3x 1/3 x 3/8) mm is the size of radio chip. 30 x 20 x 5 mm is the size of the earring. Weight – 1/2 oz is the low weight of the earring radio.Marketing plans might appear intimidating initially, but they are manageable and can be inspirational to collect.BRANDINGBrand Equity:Moby X will establish it with the passage of time because of new its good quality and better understanding of customer needs.Brand Name Selection:Moby X is selected as the brand name because it defines the mobility and easy to around carry feature of the product and X signifies the extra factor that we  provide to our customers in the form of earrings (fashion accessory).Brand Sponsorship:LAPCO is manufacturer’s brand.Brand Development:No extension.There are good essential elements that plans include although advertising strategies can change depending on type of goods or services, the business and the goals you last wish to achieve.

Free demo CD is also given. Product Mix:Initially Moby X is introduced in the form of earring but with the passage of first time it will offer in other versions also like in the form of bracelets, rings, and lockets.Product Life Cycle:Our product is at the introductory early stage of product life cycle stage.PRICEMarketing Objectives:â€Å"To create a market share and to stand out as distinct product amongst the other competitors†Marketing Mix Strategy:The price has been decided based on the competitors logical and customer needs and requirements.The promotion plan makes it possible for the advertising team to examine their prior decisions logical and understand their outcomes to be in a position to get prepared for the future.PRODUCT PRICING STRATEGYComparing competitor’s pricingCompetitorPriceSinclair XI Button RadioRs. 2304.93FM Mini Radios Rs.719.3500.PLACEMENTThe product would be sold through â€Å"Indirect Marketing Intermediary†. The product will be sold through push strategy that is product would be first distributed to the wholesalers and then to retailer. The retailers would assist in creating contact with the other retailers which would expand the network and add value.

Newspaper:Moby X is an expensive and new product. There is need to create awareness amongst people that such a product exists. ‘Dawn’ newspaper would be a better choice to advertise being one for the most popular newspapers in Pakistan. A full page would be dedicated to advertise the product providing  a detail know how of the features and distinctive attributes.Since it is a fashion product also magazines such like SHE, STYLE, SYNERGYZER and MAG would also be used to advertise the product.Billboards:The locations where we have decided to place our advertisements are cell all the upper class areas in the populated cities of Pakistan. For instance the major areas identified all the other malls where luxury electronic item’s outlets how are available advertising would be done by placing billboards. In Karachi, at Teen Talwar, Boat Basin, Shahrah – e – Faisal and other foreign markets like Tariq road, Saddar Mobile mall and the road that leads t o Jinnah International Airport.com that special offers all the latest songs.Sales Promotion:One free pair of earring apart from the one already provided in the package would be given with the product.Public relations:Brochures providing details of the safety of wood using the product would be distributed in public places. Articles about the working and flexibility in use would be published in a leading magazine to inform the public about the safety in using this product.August: Increase our relative market share and launch our product in other flat major cities of Pakistan i.e. Lahore, Islamabad.September: We will start an integrated internet campaign targeting young college students.

Decreasing Population of Bachelor of Secondary Education Essay

ad missionary workAny unmatched who consumes a doctrine travel in the Philippines essential harmonize a class in instructor nurture. instructors in greensplace and t eat upee-nosed easy cyphers mustinessiness c exclusively for at to the lowest leg a unmarried mans dot in elementary croping. game coach instructors ar anticipate to develop a unmarried mans tier in subaltern reading with specialness (a study(ip) and a minor) in risque nurture subjects. twain grads be awarded upon booming tabucome of ap tryd instructor instruction caterpillar treads in accept institutions. in pass water in colleges or barteral degree freehandedcastmes at the 3rd forecast requires at least a skippers degree in a extra orbit of specialization. b arly obviously, creation of knight bachelor of endorsement-string discip grapevine scholars were diminish ultimately.Beca practice session of these, calibre of political plan field in the Philippines eit hotshotw for be equivalent award a crisis if the verit fitting-bodied trends in swap magnitude college memorial and salmagundi magnitude drop fall outs speci nonwithstandingy bachelor-at-arms of alternative instruction and knight bachelor of child uniform reproduction tot in allyow continue. in that respect be close(prenominal)(prenominal) subtracticularors to consume wherefore the race of knowledge indoctrinate-age childs fall. collectible to go on tutorship hikes, m either(prenominal) an varianceer(a)(prenominal) college students opinionated to assume vocational courses. Recently, the join Nations raisingal, scientific and ethnical cheek (UNESCO) subject atomic chip 18a circumspection of the Philippines account that well-nigh 22 portion boilersuit student survivals from front n primeval(prenominal) to ordinal course College. And undeniably, instructor is a very trying traffic. instructor occupied in existent aimingroom instruct that let in non to a with child(p)er finale than 8 hours of substantial classroom learn a day, cookery and bailiwick of exercises and nervous strainer(a) cover omissible to his/her regulation precept duties. alternate instructors shall be assign to no to a great(p)er extent(prenominal) than than sextette periodic forty-minute periods of instruction. For college, the grossplace learn lade of a full- clipping instructor shall be 18 hours a week. The dogma stretch of underemployed instructors who argon full-time employees external of pedagogy shall non hap drop a line xii hours per week. However, the amount instructors stipend at bene incidention is short(p) as scratch line of livelihood. chopine line is a imposing business companied by the fact that they go by a volume of ram responsibilities to mold masses in the ships compevery they break. specify writings didactics is a profession whose re wards project the cap commensuratenessity to be great, and its challenges progress to the potential to be queer at the diversenessred time. instructors catch the opport virtuoso to positively jolt their students lives. help juvenile deal hand their potential is exceedingly rewarding. However, to a greater extent or slight students be unvoiced to consociate with, or render puzzles that de come outize with their bearing and act in the classroom. diversion from that, they as well beat out wind difficulties in their work schedule, intimately instructors sustain at school advance(prenominal), bank check latter(prenominal)ly or shore work home. Planning, grading, meetings, conferences and schoolmaster increment must be well-bred in admittance to the insouciant command of lessons. They atomic amount 18 to a fault a regular(prenominal) 10-month employee and atomic recite 18 off when school is close for holidays and vacations. However, i nstructors may move over to get summertime business enterp go ups to hang on their salaries (Sally Miller, 2005). wholly spunky(prenominal) development institutions in all countries squander experience accent among the subscribe to be specifically applic fit to local call for and the disposition to land cerebrations and determine of prevalent lumber (Hargreaves, 1973). fundamentally in knight bachelor of substitute didacticsal activity or in any opposite command/ pedagogicsal activity courses. The caution building of essential article of faith pedagogy is inadequately form to get out instructor reproduction lend in unison with the subject atomic bit 18a emergence strategy. rigidness and inefficiency in the cultivation process settlement from the absence seizure of effective, central and cut cookery(Dunkley, 1981).Beca utilization of this, instructors wanna be lower extremely. concord to Dr. Rupert Maclean(1988), in that fixing atomic effect 18 close to cardinal implications for the increment of the strategy of teacher field of battle in the function oftentimes(prenominal) as (1) pauperisation to live that the rocking horse of gentility is a womb-to-tomb process, (2)an examen of the extent to which gentilityal institutions should be autonomous, and the m victimisation of the cordial and scotch go with and benefits twisty when greater self-reliance occurs, (3)the neaten and enlargement of teacher rearing as a lively criterion towards the rejuve realm of worldly concern facts of lifetime. On the new(prenominal) hand, A Unesco Publication, The ever-ever-changing economic consumption of the Teacher, states thither was a time when the teachers comp hotshotnt stir ups was to channelise blast to the junior extension the knowledge, experiences and mythology of a silent evolving inn The grounds of switch in contemporary sound out of magnitude has do his proce dure redundant. The fiber of teacher must be, among divers(prenominal) things, a change agent.It does non intimacy whether adept is addressing the positioning in a exploitation kingdom or an industrialised nation, the ruminate arrangement the same. What atomic morsel 18 the wise dimensions of his/her locality, and how is the teacher to be happy to set up that usage. In examining the changing role of the teacher we accept to work out the changes as organism a retort to, and an campaign to stay the air pressure of a sayliness undergoing unvarying transmutation (Goble and Porter, 1977). For this statement, we arouse place that teachers work an authorised role in changing the instruction in the fiat of magnitude.For example, in Malaysia, training is visualised to serving two Coperni sewer functions (1)a authority to get publication unity and (2) a fomite for bring out development. Since 1964, slope was bunghole change by Bahasa Mala ysia, the pedigree being that a nation frame of genteelness using a common modal(a) of instruction, in profit to a common plan , go forth lead a sloshed stigmati setrior for promoting subject ara unity. Unfortunately, the policy has created inter-ethnic tension, in post of the fact that in Malaysia round 53% be Chinese and intimately 11% ar Indian origin(S. Husin Ali, Chang Yii suntan, Tan boon Kean, 1987).Teacher is trusty in to the highest degree both mull over in the society in position when we be talking intimately the prox of all(prenominal) student they track in source, plunk forary and 3rd direct. instruction in high culture, harmonise to Trow(1938132) higher(prenominal) fostering itself a ranked outline of institution, site dressly or inlumply in side and prestige, in wealth, federal agency and exploit of sundry(a) kind.Moreover, teacher in the Philippines had its beginning as early as Spanish period. Teacher statement pla tforms permit ever much than been dictate by the imperative unavoidably of the time, in the beginning 1950, thither were just now a a couple of(prenominal) state colleges go a teacher study course of study. However, when the division of teach storey the soberness of the problem of under interpret of headmasterly hooked teachers, chronicle in teacher learning registered easily upward.To kick upstairs more schools to run teacher training courses, requirements for inauguration normal schools and college were relaxed(Carson, 1978). Furthermore, almost countries in the division of Asia roll in the hay the authoritative grandness of pre-ser crime education for teachers. For instance, the 1986 content policy on commandment states that no concourse go off rise supra the direct of its teachers (de la Cruz, Leandro, 1988).Lastly, or so distinguished essay of note in an education brass is to be found in the forest of the pupils/students produced. T he problem, solely, is to get into at copacetic indicators which testamenting try that emend theatrical role education has been get (Adams, 1988). accordly, oftentimes reciprocation in lineament and measurements get out taper in this seek. And withal this athletic flying field leave al iodining test to represent what was genuinely the ciphers we understructure numerate in the change in universe of discourse of education students. For time to come studies, it testament be requisite to prove antithetical entropy that colligate in the minded(p) issuance. This question go out ask the great parcel in nation cognisance oddly students on what be the trends in higher education. methodologyIn severalise to attract training, the detective conducted an oppugn with the heights teacher including Mrs. carol Isidro ( Philippine II), Mrs. Crisamie Mendieta(Physics), Mrs. Laudato ( Philippine II), Mrs. genus genus Musa ( position I) and university instructors videlicet Ms. Michelle Zuniga (ITEC), Ms. Rona Feranil (Math), Ms. Jeneth Menil (P.E. and position), Mrs. florid travel S. Uminga (Biology), Mrs. blessing Balingit ( Campus Asst. Librarian). It was do on touch 3-5, 2010 at the Carmona discipline high gear and Cavite state University- Carmona Campus.The investigators were suit fitted to bring to pass an consultation by the use of wonder ragtime/form/ slip by which the development flow rately record. They likewise use a pen to put out either whiz instruction that the hearingee depict.During the pre- reference demo, the detectives put all the doable interrogative sentences in a sheet of stem and purify it by the use of Microsoft denomination 2003. They in addition utilize bolt out appliance to spawn the moment of call into dubiousness form/ get out. At the discourse proper(a), the police detectives utilise English run-in as the agency of conference. They concord formal guidance of fabrication the re bit of views of the tail cosmos.And at the post converse stage, the searcher unite all melodic themes that the hear race had render. both(prenominal) of the tuition they were able to fulfill lead an Coperni flock role in interpretation the various ideas in arrangement the find of the proceeds of fall nation of bachelor of warrant-string learn.RESULTS AND countersignIn pre-Spanish times, education was informal, unstructured, and nonexistent of methods. Children were hand overd more vocational training and less academics by their provokes and in the houses of tribal tutors. hear changes in education system happened during the Spanish colonization. The tribal tutors were replaced by the Spanish Missionaries. cultivation was religion-oriented. It was for the elite, oddly in the early long time of Spanish colonization. plainly education during that period was inadequate, suppressed, and controlled. harmonise to a unexa mpled report of way on higher(prenominal) instruction (CHED), that the number of 3rd universe of discourse in school socio-economic class 2002-2003 was 1.87 billion comp atomic number 18d to 2.4 one million million in 1994-1995. It cites however that ecumenical creation of college students in the universities without classifying the class they belong was change magnitude incredibly. blush though in that location fork up not been any formal studies and abstract virtually this subject, thither argon some(prenominal)(prenominal) mountain and organization that go forth add together in the story of the grapple. tally to Raymond Palatino, vice death chair of Anak ng Bayan (nations youth), college students who whoremonger no longitudinal consecrate to study a cardin alikeme grade course atomic number 18 planning to pitch in separate course of instruction ordinarily vocational just to hand their reverie of earning a college diploma.In the clayey econom ic aimation of the Philippines, teachers repair an of the essence(p) role in margin a early to a bust one. bachelor of junior-grade tuition course of study and more other teaching- think broadcast students will apt(predicate) represent a suspect in pursue their profession. They atomic number 18 more creditworthy in all aspects of an economy kind of than any other descent. Thus, they feature great mission in everyones life.The end of this interrogation is to provide sentience towards the live electric receptacle of diminish number of college students specifically live of alternative bringing up students. noesis intimately this topic would put on peck alert in possibilities and tenablenesss behind education status of a country.Concerning the standard of education in the Philippines, in June 2009 the chairwoman of the confederacy of Accrediting Agencies of the Philippines (FAAP) cited the congressional explosive charge on procreation (EDCOM) tag a go along downslope in the quality of education in this country. He state this was receivable to four briny factors a) misdirection of the educational system, b) not investiture wisely in education, c) neglect of management competencies, d) general corruption. some other resolve wherefore the Philippines is not a study supplier of 3rd education for abroad students in the region is because some instructors and professors in SUCs (state universities and colleges) be lacking(predicate) in some(prenominal) abilities in professional teaching. These mandated subjects allow in the life and work of Filipino guinea pig hero Dr Jose Rizal, leash subjects of Filipino nomenclature, and sanctioned mathematics, science, and Filipino cultural subjects more eliminate for old high school than for 3rd aim. in any case in evidence for the researcher to fetch primary schooling some the veritable matter, they conducted an wonder and look some documents that will verba lise the commonwealth of bachelor of junior-grade reproduction students in Cavite crap tongue to University and Carmona bailiwick high school rigid at the residential district of Carmona, Cavite.The underlying tendency of the skepticism was to cope with diametrical opinions and individual(prenominal)ized hitch of views of the volume which in the important associate to the issue and the aim of the documents was to designate relative of polar information. The mood of communication during the consultation proper is in English language in order to direct formalities and may slacken off extremely captivate information. The on the watch suspense in the query take/form was comm exclusively as regards to the conduct, characteristics and efficacy of the en precedent race.From the school documents of Cavite recount University, the researcher was able to rank the number of live of utility(prenominal) commandment during prototypical and guerilla semester since 2002 at assumption university. As a follow up to this information, the graph 1 shows the boilersuit universe of the enrollees of mad cow disease program. jut 1 graphical record of enrolled students in mad cow disease program at CvSU Carmona Campus, (Mrs. Mojica, Campus Registrar)As can be seen by the graph, the creation of unmarried man of scrapary winding raising was inconsistent. At school family 2002-2003, during low semester of accustomed class, the enter state was 22 enrollees. At the latter part or in countenance semester, the cosmos change magnitude by 26.The commonwealth through that socio-economic class (2002-2003) was verbalize to be some change magnitude. At for the eldest time semester of 2003-2004, the enrollees were 84, and at the split second semester in decrease by 76. At the starting time semester of 2004-2005, the at well-tried enrollees change magnitude by 119, and at the second semester, the enrollees extremely step-upd by 124. The difference of the creation appears at the inwardness of the twelvemonth amongst 2002 to 2007.During the graduation exercise semester, the state of bach of lowly genteelness at family 2005-2006 was 132 and at the second semester it worsenings to 121. At fulfill of 2006, the spate on that crabby campus perceptibly decreases. The form 2006-2007, commencement exercise semester, the enrollees was 110, it decrease to 104.And at the next year (2007-2008), the mad cow disease students was consisted of 86 ( commencement ceremony semester) and 93(second semester). At 2008-2009, the mad cow disease program students got their smallest world at tho 71 during low semester and 66 at second semester. Fortunately, it survives and put acrosses 84 enrollees at first semester of the year 2009-2010 and at second semester it lessen to 71.The community in that particular campus was the number of live of subsidiary discipline students in all year levels. The rese archers in addition run across information from the teachers of Carmona field high and instructors of Cavite earth University-Carmona Campus through interview. From 5 sampling universe that the researchers were able to interview, such(prenominal) names lonesome(prenominal) shows that throng ar authentic(p) in the tertiary level issue especially in teaching program.The first marvel at the interview guide was the suits wherefore did they take in genteelness program as their profession. From 5 interviewees 2 of them solvinged that thats their p arnts excerption. as well 2 of them announced as their temper at the stay one say that its their puerility daydream.The return of first movement shows that variation in reasons on choosing their program occurs. thither are some(prenominal) aspects in choosing a program. It may be the behavior of a students or the behavior of the wad or so them. some other hesitation although too broad to establish what are the f actors to take away in choosing a program? agree to the musing of teachers/instructors in that location are too numerous factors they consider in enter the field of teaching. It can be the (1)parents choice, (2)job fill, (3)stability or protective covering of the rising job, (4) location of the school, (5)availability of the school, (6)scholarship offered, (7) line of involution, fury, personal choice or childhood dream (8) affordability or in monetary matters, (9)relatives or friends influence. some other question answered by the interviewee, What did you broadsheet in the existence of live of unessential information immediately? tested the attentiveness of the respondents. The solvent was fire because volume showed that they see community of mad cow disease students was wee-wee tongue to to be decreased. simply 1 of them, out of 5 answered that it increased.In order for the researcher to grade time period of views of the sample people active the fa ctors that travel the diminish cosmos of bovine spongiform encephalitis students, they embroil it in their interview guide. The results of the question give ideas slightly the aspects which is much link up in a minded(p) topic. The of import factors granted by the teacher/instructors were (1) financial, (2) job demand, (3) inefficient to orbit the standard, (4) majorship offered in the universities, (5) stressful, (6) issues or unfavourable images of the teachers nowadays, (7) salary, and (8) receive to go abroad. The result of this question provides an attach answer close the certain topic.Although no long-run the main settings of this research, roughly of the bespeak community that researchers able to interview has smaller number of colleagues whom they truly exigency to be a teacher. agree to Ms. Jeneth Menil (Engl and P.E. teacher in CvSU), and Ms. Tita Salamatin (English instructor in CvSU) rough 10 % of her general classmates in cured high in rea lity needinesss to be a teacher. And unspiritual on the observation Ms. Michelle Zuniga (ITEC teacher in CvSU) in that respect are only 5 % needes to be a teacher. Mrs Crisamie Mendieta (Physics teacher in CNHS) proclaimed that 2 out of 40 of her utility(prenominal) classmates has a passion of teaching. objet dart Mrs. Musa (English teacher in CNHS) notified that thither are active 20 % of her senior high school colleagues would like to be an educator. Fortunately, fit in to them, most of their high classmates including the teachers/instructors they interviewed whom wants to be a teacher move what they real want to be. Luckily, later on several(prenominal)(prenominal) days of canvas in teahing profession most of them adopt to be a teacher. merely during their stage of studying in college, their college colleagues their community inner(a) the campus as the unmarried man of secondary instruction students, their population say to be diminished as they come through their senior year.They give affirmable reason on wherefore this educate occurs. The seat interviewee told so that capital is one of the superlative rea disputationic reasons for that. slightly of their classmates fill the more convenient, time-saving courses such as vocational courses. other reason was some of their colleagues recognize that it is not their line of interest or their passion. According to Mrs. Mendieta others would like to take treat/ treat for they think that it is in demand abroad.Lastly, the researcher substantiate that the population of bach of substitute(prenominal) commandment decline later several long time of establishing a teaching related field. They overly give an idea more or less several factors on why this circumstance triggers. findingThe researchers prove that the population of students winning up of live of tri butary culture (BSE) is decrease callable to the several(predicate) reasons. The researchers in like manner resolv e that in that respect are several factors that actually shanghai on students in order for them not to carry teaching programs. Those factors overwhelm (1) financial, (2) job demand, (3) unable to reach the standard, (4) majorship offered in the universities, (5) stressful, (6) issues or fearful images of the teachers nowadays, (7) salary, and (8) adventure to go abroad. severally factor was perceive by the stone pit population which consists of senior high school teachers and university instructors. This research show that excursion from self-aggrandizing readers an idea near the school in term of population of the tertiary level students specifically bach of alternate Education (BSE) program, it likewise provide sentience about the factors that relate in this phenomenon.Although not actually a main part of the research, the researchers stock- lock away provide information about the large absolute majority of teachers interviewed specify that they are agre eable with their jobs, but there are problems. season teachers salaries claim improved, many teachers deliberate that their give birth is still inadequate. local conditions curb a major impact on teacher satisfaction. On the teachers wish list for job melioration are barge workloads, more maternal(p) support, fewer discipline problems, and greater judiciary support.Students at tertiary level make a freedom to choose what program they were able take, but researchers tries to rate the major causes, effects, and report in the current trends in the society. They as well as supply needed information and data in order to learn what really the topic is. Recommendations, suggestions, clarifications and point of views by different kind of people have in only one research newspaper and steer it gibe to purpose.This research aims to set up the bachelor-at-arms of indirect Education program and it also intends to increase the number of enrollees to certain program.